Health Promotion International Advance Access originally published online on September 7, 2007
Health Promotion International 2007 22(4):292-298; doi:10.1093/heapro/dam025
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Emergence Model of social and human capital and its application to the Healthy Municipalities project in Northeast Brazil
1Bureau of International Cooperation, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, Japan 2Center of Public Health and Social Development, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil 3Planning and Research Agency, State Government of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil 4Department of Social Health Science, School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inba, Japan
* Corresponding author. E-mail: yuamokun{at}yahoo.co.jp
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Abstract |
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We developed the Emergence Model and introduced the concept of social and human capital into designing and evaluating the Healthy Cities/Municipalities project to ensure health promotion infrastructure. This model hypothesizes that through the interaction and utilization of the other forms of capital, namely financial, physical and natural, the emergence of collective action takes place in the community or municipal setting. Subsequently, collective action may influence health and quality of life determinants. Once health and quality of life improvements are achieved, the enhancement of the social, human and other capital may be brought about through positive feedback, and successive collective action is thereby facilitated. According to the model, practitioners and policy makers of the Healthy Cities/Municipalities project should primarily strengthen social and human capital.
The model is currently applied to designing the Healthy Municipalities project implemented in rural areas of Northeast Brazil, where infrastructure and a supportive environment to facilitate collective action for control over health and health determinant have been considerably frail due to geographical, historical, social and cultural reasons. Various interventions have been conducted in the scope of the project to enhance social and human capital on three levels, namely the state, municipality and community. Through the capacity development of health promoters, obliging volunteers and so on, the project attempts to create the social mechanism that enables people to build healthy public policies through inter- and trans-sectoral collaboration as well as to address and resolve day-to-day issues using their potentialities.
Key words: Healthy Cities/Municipalities; social capital; human capital